Review the grammar points from this series
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Gina: Hello and welcome back to DanishClass101.com. This is Absolute Beginner, season 1, lesson 25 - A Danish Traveler’s Life For Me. I’m Gina. |
| Anna: Hej! And I’m Anna. |
| Gina: In this lesson, we’ll review what we’ve learned. |
| Anna: I can’t believe it’s already the last lesson in the Danish Absolute Beginner series! |
| Gina: Me neither! But let’s find out what we’ve learned! |
| Anna: The conversation takes place at a park, and it’s between Emma, William, and Peter, who are talking about Emma’s future travel plans. |
| Gina: The speakers are friends, and they’re speaking standard Danish. Let’s listen to the conversation. |
| DIALOGUE |
| Emma: Jeg skal til Japan næste år. |
| William: Hvorfor? |
| Emma: En af mine venner skal giftes. |
| Peter: Tillykke! Det er dejligt. Hvornår tager du afsted? |
| Emma: I april. |
| William: Fedt! Skal din bror også afsted? |
| Emma: Nej, hans ven skal giftes i København. |
| William: Så du skal afsted alene? Wow. |
| Emma: Efter det skal jeg til USA. |
| Peter: Virkelig? Fedt! |
| Gina: Let’s hear the conversation one time slowly. |
| Emma: Jeg skal til Japan næste år. |
| William: Hvorfor? |
| Emma: En af mine venner skal giftes. |
| Peter: Tillykke! Det er dejligt. Hvornår tager du afsted? |
| Emma: I april. |
| William: Fedt! Skal din bror også afsted? |
| Emma: Nej, hans ven skal giftes i København. |
| William: Så du skal afsted alene? Wow. |
| Emma: Efter det skal jeg til USA. |
| Peter: Virkelig? Fedt! |
| Gina: Now let’s hear it with the English translation. |
| Emma: Jeg skal til Japan næste år. |
| Gina: I'm going to Japan next year. |
| William: Hvorfor? |
| Gina: Why? |
| Emma: En af mine venner skal giftes. |
| Gina: One of my friends is getting married. |
| Peter: Tillykke! Det er dejligt. Hvornår tager du afsted? |
| Gina: Congratulations! That's nice. When are you leaving? |
| Emma: I april. |
| Gina: In April. |
| William: Fedt! Skal din bror også afsted? |
| Gina: Neat! Is your brother going, too? |
| Emma: Nej, hans ven skal giftes i København. |
| Gina: No, his friend is getting married in Copenhagen. |
| William: Så du skal afsted alene? Wow. |
| Gina: So you're going alone? Wow. |
| Emma: Efter det skal jeg til USA. |
| Gina: After that, I'm going to America. |
| Peter: Virkelig? Fedt! |
| Gina: Really? Cool! |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Gina: Okay, we have a very nice topic to introduce you to in this lesson. |
| Anna: That’s right. We’re going to talk about Danish weddings. |
| Gina: Depending on the couple’s preference, Danes either get married in church or at city hall, right? |
| Anna: Yes. Many have a traditional wedding in a church with a white dress and a minister, but couples who get married at city hall can wear whatever they want, and are married by the mayor. |
| Gina: So what happens during the wedding reception? |
| Anna: First of all, it’s either held in party rooms or community halls, or at the bride and groom’s home. |
| Gina: If they have enough room, I assume. |
| Anna: Right. During the reception, there will be speeches, songs, wedding cake cutting, and the bridal waltz. And dancing and other wedding traditions, of course. |
| Gina: Do you have a very particular Danish wedding tradition you could describe? |
| Anna: Well… Oh how about this one - wedding guests will kiss the bride or groom on the cheek whenever the other one leaves the room. So if you feel like kissing the groom take your chance when the bride goes to the toilet. |
| Gina: Sounds like an interesting custom! Okay, now let’s move on to the vocab. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Gina: Let's take a look at the vocabulary for this lesson. |
| The first word we shall see is: |
| Anna: jeg skal til [natural native speed] |
| Gina: I'm going to |
| Anna: jeg skal til [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Anna: jeg skal til [natural native speed] |
| Next: |
| Anna: næste år [natural native speed] |
| Gina: next year |
| Anna: næste år [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Anna: næste år [natural native speed] |
| Next: |
| Anna: en af mine venner [natural native speed] |
| Gina: one of my friends |
| Anna: en af mine venner [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Anna: en af mine venner [natural native speed] |
| Next: |
| Anna: gifte [natural native speed] |
| Gina: marry |
| Anna: gifte [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Anna: gifte [natural native speed] |
| Next: |
| Anna: tillykke [natural native speed] |
| Gina: congratulations |
| Anna: tillykke [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Anna: tillykke [natural native speed] |
| Next: |
| Anna: tage afsted [natural native speed] |
| Gina: go off, leave |
| Anna: tage afsted [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Anna: tage afsted [natural native speed] |
| Next: |
| Anna: alene [natural native speed] |
| Gina: alone, by myself, single-handedly, only, solely |
| Anna: alene [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Anna: alene [natural native speed] |
| Next: |
| Anna: efter [natural native speed] |
| Gina: after, according to, for |
| Anna: efter [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Anna: efter [natural native speed] |
| And Last: |
| Anna: virkelig [natural native speed] |
| Gina: real, actual, really |
| Anna: virkelig [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Anna: virkelig [natural native speed] |
| KEY VOCAB AND PHRASES |
| Gina: Let’s take a closer look at the usage of some of the words and phrases from this very last lesson. What do we have first, Anna? |
| Anna: First we have tillykke. [pause] Tillykke. |
| Gina: This means “congratulations.” |
| Anna: Yes, and it’s an interjection that is used when congratulating someone for something, or on some occasion. |
| Gina: Like in English, right? For example, on birthdays, when graduating or being promoted, or becoming a parent and the like. |
| Anna: That’s right. You can also just say tillykke instead of the whole phrase tillykke med fødselsdagen. |
| Gina: This literally means “congratulations with the birthday.” |
| Anna: So on people’s birthdays, you can say tillykke med fødselsdagen or just tillykke. |
| Gina: Okay, so what do we have next? |
| Anna: Next we have alene. [pause] Alene. |
| Gina: As an adjective, this means “alone” or “by myself.” And as an adverb, it means “single-handedly” or “solely.” |
| Anna: It’s used in the same way in Danish as it is in English, so it’s very straightforward and easy to learn how to use. |
| Gina: Great. What else can you tell us about this word? |
| Anna: Well, unlike many other adjectives, alene is always used in its basic form. |
| Gina: So you never add -e or -t to the end of the word? |
| Anna: No. No matter where alene is placed in a sentence, it’s always alene. |
| Gina: Okay, what’s next? |
| Anna: Next is virkelig. [pause] Virkelig. |
| Gina: This means “real,” “actual,” or “really.” |
| Anna: Virkelig is an adjective that is used to describe something. Just like in English. |
| Gina: So can you also ask “Really?” in Danish? |
| Anna: Yes, you can. In Danish, that’s Virkelig? [pause] Virkelig? |
| Gina: Okay, now onto the grammar. |
| GRAMMAR POINT |
| Gina: In this lesson, we’ll review the grammar points from previous lessons. |
| Anna: First we’re going to talk about the verb skulle. |
| Gina: When this is used to express intentional actions in the future, it means “has to” in English. |
| Anna: Skulle is conjugated in present tense, so it becomes skal and functions as an auxiliary verb, which you follow by a verb in the infinitive describing the intentional action. |
| Gina: The subjects of the actions can either be personal pronouns, nouns, or a possessive pronoun followed by a noun. |
| Anna: You don’t necessarily have to specify when in the future the action will take place, but you can place an expression of time at the end of the sentence, if you want to. |
| Gina: Can you give us an example using the grammar? |
| Anna: Han skal flytte i lejlighed. [pause] Han skal flytte i lejlighed. |
| Gina: This means “He's moving to an apartment.” |
| Anna: Han means “he,” skal flytte means “is moving,” and i lejlighed means “in an apartment.” |
| Gina: In Danish, there’s no need for an indefinite article in this case. Can you give us an example of an expression of time? |
| Anna: In a previous lesson, we learned that i weekenden means “on the weekend.” |
| Gina: Do you always use the preposition i when specifying time in this context? |
| Anna: No, when expressing time with seconds, minutes, hours, days, weeks, months, or years, we use the preposition om. [pause] Om. |
| Gina: Here, it means “in,” in English. |
| Anna: For example, om en uge means “in a week.” Om en uge. |
| Gina: What if you want to specify the period of time the subjects are doing something? |
| Anna: Then we use the preposition i. |
| Gina: In this context, it means “for,” in English. |
| Anna: For example, i fem dage means “for five days.” I fem dage. |
| Gina: Let’s return to the verb skal. What else can it be used to express? |
| Anna: If you follow skal with the prepositions i or til, you can use the verb to say “going to.” |
| Gina: Both prepositions mean “to,” in English. |
| Anna: And then you add a proper name or a noun matching where you're going. |
| Gina: Wow, our listeners’ Danish language must be pretty advanced already. |
| Anna: Listeners, we hope you’ve made some progress from listening to this series. |
Outro |
|---|
| Gina: We also hope you’ve enjoyed the series, because we really enjoyed teaching you Danish. Now remember that you can check the lesson notes to reinforce what you’ve learned here, and also that you can leave us a post at DanishClass101.com if you have any comments or questions. |
| Anna: We’re happy to help! In the mean time, thanks for listening, and we’ll see you in another series! |
| Gina: Thanks everyone, bye! |
| Anna: Hej hej! |
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