Learn how to describe things negatively
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| INTRODUCTION |
| John: Hi everyone, and welcome back to DanishClass101.com. This is Intermediate Season 1 Lesson 17 - Are You Into Extreme Danish Sports? John here. |
| Nana: Hej I'm Nana. |
| John: In this lesson, you’ll learn about describing things negatively. The conversation takes place at a festival. |
| Nana: It's between Sophia and Mia. |
| John: The speakers are friends. Okay, let's listen to the conversation. |
| DIALOGUE |
| Sofia: Banen er frygtelig med alt det mudder! Det skal nok blive et sjovt løb i år. |
| Mia: Du skulle ikke have deltaget i løbet ligesom min bror? |
| Sofia: Nej, jeg synes, det må være forfærdeligt at løbe så tæt på andre på så lidt plads. |
| Mia: Så du nøjes med at kigge på? Jeg tror, der er mange på festivalen, der har det på samme måde. |
| Sofia: Jeg vil hellere deltage i et af de mange kvindeløb senere i år. |
| Mia: Hvordan foregår det? Jeg overvejer at deltage i ét. |
| Sofia: Du kan tilmelde dig på nettet. Du får både et nummer og en goodie bag. Nogle gader bliver også afspærret. |
| Mia: Så der er plads nok at løbe på? Jeg har hørt, at det næsten er umuligt at overhale andre. |
| Sofia: Nogle tager det meget seriøst og råber ad andre, så de flytter sig for dem. |
| Mia: Det lyder en smule uretfærdigt. Det burde være lige fair for alle. |
| Sofia: Ja, men andre deltagere bliver åbenbart irrelevante for den type løbere. |
| Mia: Det virker også lidt asocialt. Jeg kunne forestille mig, at mange også gør det for hyggens skyld. |
| Sofia: Især efter løbet når alle får kage. Desværre får din bror kun ildelugtende mudder i dag. |
| John: Listen to the conversation with the English translation. |
| Sofia: Banen er frygtelig med alt det mudder! Det skal nok blive et sjovt løb i år. |
| Sophia: The track is horrible with all that mud! Surely, it'll be a fun race this year. |
| Mia: Du skulle ikke have deltaget i løbet ligesom min bror? |
| Mia: Shouldn't you be participating in the race like my brother? |
| Sofia: Nej, jeg synes, det må være forfærdeligt at løbe så tæt på andre på så lidt plads. |
| Sophia: No, I think it must be awful to run so close to others in such little space. |
| Mia: Så du nøjes med at kigge på? Jeg tror, der er mange på festivalen, der har det på samme måde. |
| Mia: So you'll settle for watching? I think there are many at the festival who feel the same way. |
| Sofia: Jeg vil hellere deltage i et af de mange kvindeløb senere i år. |
| Sophia: I'd rather participate in one of the many women's races later this year. |
| Mia: Hvordan foregår det? Jeg overvejer at deltage i ét. |
| Mia: How does it work? I'm considering participating in one. |
| Sofia: Du kan tilmelde dig på nettet. Du får både et nummer og en goodie bag. Nogle gader bliver også afspærret. |
| Sophia: You can sign up online. You get both a number and a goodie bag. Some streets will also be blocked. |
| Mia: Så der er plads nok at løbe på? Jeg har hørt, at det næsten er umuligt at overhale andre. |
| Mia: So there's space enough to run? I've heard that it's almost impossible to overtake others. |
| Sofia: Nogle tager det meget seriøst og råber ad andre, så de flytter sig for dem. |
| Sophia: Some take it more seriously and yell at others so they'll move for them. |
| Mia: Det lyder en smule uretfærdigt. Det burde være lige fair for alle. |
| Mia: That sounds a bit unfair. It should be equally fair for everyone. |
| Sofia: Ja, men andre deltagere bliver åbenbart irrelevante for den type løbere. |
| Sophia: Yes, but apparently other participants become irrelevant to that type of runner. |
| Mia: Det virker også lidt asocialt. Jeg kunne forestille mig, at mange også gør det for hyggens skyld. |
| Mia: It also seems a little antisocial. I could imagine that many also do it just for fun. |
| Sofia: Især efter løbet når alle får kage. Desværre får din bror kun ildelugtende mudder i dag. |
| Sophia: Especially after the race, when everyone gets cake. Unfortunately, your brother will only get smelly mud today. |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Enter Post conversation Banter section here. |
| John: I don’t blame Sophia for skipping this race if it is really as muddy and crowded as it seems. |
| Nana: At least she’s not planning on skipping the races entirely. She said she wanted to do a women’s race later in the year. |
| John: During summer and late summer in Denmark, tons of women's runs are organized nationwide by some of the biggest women's magazines. |
| Nana: So she’ll have plenty to choose from! |
| John: How about marathons? |
| Nana: In May, the Copenhagen Marathon takes place. |
| John: So, there are marathons and women's races. Are there any other races in Denmark that we should know about? |
| Nana: There’s Nøgenløbet at the Roskilde Festival. |
| John: What kind of race is that? |
| Nana: Participants must run the route in the camping area twice - stark naked, of course. |
| John: Right… I think I’ll skip that naked run! Okay, now onto the vocab. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| John: Let’s take a look at the vocabulary from this lesson. The first word is... |
| Nana: bane [natural native speed] |
| John: track, lane, path, railroad, course, ground, field, pitch, court |
| Nana: bane [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Nana: bane [natural native speed] |
| John: Next we have... |
| Nana: mudder [natural native speed] |
| John: mud |
| Nana: mudder [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Nana: mudder [natural native speed] |
| John: Next we have... |
| Nana: løb [natural native speed] |
| John: run, race |
| Nana: løb [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Nana: løb [natural native speed] |
| John: Next we have... |
| Nana: plads [natural native speed] |
| John: room, space, seat, square |
| Nana: plads [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Nana: plads [natural native speed] |
| John: Next we have... |
| Nana: nøjes med [natural native speed] |
| John: to settle for, to be content with |
| Nana: nøjes med [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Nana: nøjes med [natural native speed] |
| John: Next we have... |
| Nana: kigge på [natural native speed] |
| John: to look at, to glance at, to peep at |
| Nana: kigge på [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Nana: kigge på [natural native speed] |
| John: Next we have... |
| Nana: måde [natural native speed] |
| John: way, manner, fashion |
| Nana: måde [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Nana: måde [natural native speed] |
| John: Next we have... |
| Nana: deltage [natural native speed] |
| John: to participate |
| Nana: deltage [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Nana: deltage [natural native speed] |
| John: Next we have... |
| Nana: løber [natural native speed] |
| John: runner |
| Nana: løber [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Nana: løber [natural native speed] |
| John: And last... |
| Nana: skyld [natural native speed] |
| John: guilt, blame, fault, sake |
| Nana: skyld [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Nana: skyld [natural native speed] |
| KEY VOCAB AND PHRASES |
| John: Let's have a closer look at the usage of some of the words and phrases from this lesson. The first phrase is.. |
| Nana: alt det mudder |
| John: meaning "all that mud." What can you tell us about this expression? |
| Nana: First is the adjective alt, |
| John: which means "all," |
| Nana: then the pronoun det, |
| John: which means "that," |
| Nana: and finally the neuter gender noun mudder, which means "mud." |
| John: When do we use this phrase? |
| Nana: You use this phrase when expressing that you think there’s a lot of mud, perhaps a little too much for your liking. |
| John: Can we replace “mud” with other nouns? |
| Nana: Yes, you can. Just remember to keep alt det followed by a noun. |
| John: Can you give us an example using this phrase? |
| Nana: Sure. For example, you can say, Du kommer ikke ind med alt det mudder på tøjet. |
| John: ...which means "You won't get in with all that mud on the clothes." |
| John: Okay, what's the next phrase? |
| Nana: have det på samme måde |
| John: Meaning "to feel the same way." Can you break this expression down for us? |
| Nana: The first word is have, |
| John: which is the irregular verb "to have," |
| Nana: the second word is the pronoun det, |
| John: which means "it," |
| Nana: the third word is the preposition på, |
| John: which means "in," |
| Nana: the fourth word is the adjective samme, |
| John: which means "the same," |
| Nana: and finally the common gender noun måde, which means "way." |
| John: Thanks for that! There were a lot words to go through there. |
| Nana: Yes, have det på samme måde. “to feel the same way.” |
| John: Ah, that’s what the phrase means! |
| Nana: Yes! You can put a noun or a pronoun at the front, just remember to conjugate have. |
| John: Can you give us an example using this phrase? |
| Nana: Sure. For example, you can say, Hans søster har det ikke helt på samme måde. |
| John: ...which means "His sister does not quite feel the same way." |
| John: Okay, what's the next phrase? |
| Nana: for hyggens skyld |
| John: Meaning "for the sake of the fun." What can you tell us about this expression? |
| Nana: First is the preposition for, |
| John: which means "for," |
| Nana: then the common gender noun hygge |
| John: This is in definite form in genitive case and means "the nice times," |
| Nana: and finally the common gender noun skyld, which means "sake." |
| John: This is equivalent to saying "for the sake of fun" or "for the sake of having a nice time." |
| Nana: The word hygge is not easy to translate directly, but it describes a nice, fun, cozy, and pleasant time or atmosphere. |
| John: Sounds like coziness is very important to Danes! |
| Nana: Yes, hygge is highly valued, so it’s very commonly used. |
| John: Can you give us an example using the phrase? |
| Nana: Sure. For example, you can say, Lad os være med for hyggens skyld! |
| John: ...which means "Let's join in for the sake of the fun." Okay, now onto the lesson focus. |
Lesson focus |
|---|
| John: In this lesson, you'll learn about describing things negatively. |
| Enter Lesson Focus section here. |
| John: If we’re going to describe things, we might need some adjectives. |
| Nana: We do! Most adjectives can be negative in the right context. But there are some that are mainly negative. |
| John: That’s right. How do we use adjectives in Danish in a sentence? |
| Nana: You must remember to conjugate according to the gender and number. |
| John: Let’s hear some examples of negative adjectives. How about “bad” and its conjugations? |
| Nana: The dictionary form and common gender noun form is dårlig. For neuter gender nouns, it becomes dårligt. For nouns in plural form it is dårlige. |
| John: And one more - “difficult.” The dictionary form and common gender noun form of this adjective is… |
| Nana: svær. For neuter gender nouns, it becomes svært. For nouns in plural form, it’s svære. |
| John: And let’s hear some sentences. |
| Nana: Jeg synes, at han er besværlig. |
| John: “I think that he is troublesome.” |
| Nana: Hun fik en voldsom hovedpine af at løbe i varmen. |
| John: “She got an intense headache from running in the heat.” |
| Nana: There are more adjective examples in the lesson notes. |
| John: Are there other ways to make negative adjectives? In English, we can sometimes use prefixes, such as “unpleasant” or “impolite.” |
| Nana: There are some prefixes in Danish too: a-, i-, and u-. Sometimes these prefixes change slightly, depending on the first letter of the adjective. |
| John: Beware of that, listeners! Let’s hear an example using Danish for the adjective “illiterate.” |
| Nana: This uses the a- prefix, but it changes to an- because the adjective starts with a vowel. |
| John: It’s good to see an exception in practice! Alright, the dictionary form and common gender noun form of this adjective is |
| Nana: analfabetisk. For neuter gender nouns, we also use analfabetisk. For nouns in plural form, it’s analfabetiske. |
| John: Let’s have another example. How about “irrational?” |
| Nana: The dictionary form and common gender noun form is irrationel. |
| John And for neuter gender nouns? |
| Nana: irrationelt. |
| John: For nouns in plural form? |
| Nana: That’s irrationelle. |
| John: And finally, one last example sentence using a negative adjective. |
| Nana: Din uintelligente kæreste er på vej herhen. |
| John: “Your unintelligent boyfriend is on his way here.” |
Outro |
| John: Okay, that’s all for this lesson. Thank you for listening, everyone, and we’ll see you next time! Bye! |
| Nana: Hej hej! |
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