Learn how to talk about pros and cons in an argument
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| INTRODUCTION |
| John: Hi everyone, and welcome back to DanishClass101.com. This is Intermediate Season 1 Lesson 6 - Weighing Up the Pros and Cons in Denmark. John here. |
| Nana: Hej I'm Nana. |
| John: In this lesson, you’ll learn how to argue pros and cons. The conference takes place in the classroom. |
| Nana: Mia is talking in front of the class. |
| John: Okay, let's listen to Mia’s speech. |
| DIALOGUE |
| Mia: Godmorgen alle sammen. Tak fordi I ville komme. |
| Mia: Som elevrådsrepræsentant er det mit ansvar at sørge for at holde jer opdaterede omkring Blå Bog. |
| Mia: Jeg bad jer om at tænke over et eventuelt tema i forhold til billeder, og hvor mange oplysninger I gerne vil have med. |
| Mia: Jeg har modtaget tre temaforslag, så vi skal holde en afstemning. Temaet med flest stemmer vinder. |
| Mia: Hvis det står uafgjort mellem to af forslagene, stemmer vi igen. Det er mest retfærdigt. |
| Mia: Bagefter skal vi beslutte, hvilke oplysninger der skal med ud over fødselsdag, kontaktoplysninger og så videre. |
| Mia: Hvis vi vil have mere end 10 punkter, kommer hver biografi til at fylde mere end én side. |
| Mia: Det ville selvfølgelig ikke skade med mere plads til billeder og citater, men der er en lille hage. |
| Mia: Hvis hver biografi fylder to sider, bliver det dyrere at få bogen produceret. |
| Mia: Så... Det kunne være sjovere, hvis vi havde to sider, men desværre også dyrere. |
| Mia: Hvis I ikke har nogle spørgsmål, går vi i gang med den første afstemning. Er I klar? |
| John: Listen to the conference with the English translation |
| Mia: Godmorgen alle sammen. Tak fordi I ville komme. |
| Mia: Good morning everybody. Thank you for coming. |
| Mia: Som elevrådsrepræsentant er det mit ansvar at sørge for at holde jer opdaterede omkring Blå Bog. |
| Mia: As student council representative, it is my responsibility to make sure to keep you updated on Blue Book. |
| Mia: Jeg bad jer om at tænke over et eventuelt tema i forhold til billeder, og hvor mange oplysninger I gerne vil have med. |
| Mia: I asked you to think about a possible theme in relation to pictures and how much information you would like to include. |
| Mia: Jeg har modtaget tre temaforslag, så vi skal holde en afstemning. Temaet med flest stemmer vinder. |
| Mia: I have received three theme proposals, so we have to hold a vote. The theme with most votes wins. |
| Mia: Hvis det står uafgjort mellem to af forslagene, stemmer vi igen. Det er mest retfærdigt. |
| Mia: If there is a tie between two of the proposals, we will vote again. That is fairest. |
| Mia: Bagefter skal vi beslutte, hvilke oplysninger der skal med ud over fødselsdag, kontaktoplysninger og så videre. |
| Mia: Afterwards, we have to decide what information to include besides birthday, contact information and so on. |
| Mia: Hvis vi vil have mere end 10 punkter, kommer hver biografi til at fylde mere end én side. |
| Mia: If we want more than 10 points, each biography will take up more than one page. |
| Mia: Det ville selvfølgelig ikke skade med mere plads til billeder og citater, men der er en lille hage. |
| Mia: Of course, it would not hurt with more room for pictures and quotes, but there is a small catch. |
| Mia: Hvis hver biografi fylder to sider, bliver det dyrere at få bogen produceret. |
| Mia: If each biography takes up two pages, it will be more expensive to have the book produced. |
| Mia: Så... Det kunne være sjovere, hvis vi havde to sider, men desværre også dyrere. |
| Mia: So... It could be more fun if we had two pages, but also more expensive unfortunately. |
| Mia: Hvis I ikke har nogle spørgsmål, går vi i gang med den første afstemning. Er I klar? |
| Mia: If you do not have any questions, we will start with the first vote. Are you ready? |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| John: It sounds like Mia has a lot of responsibilities. |
| Nana: Yes, she has to get everything ready for the Blue Book. |
| John: I think I know what that is as the rest of her speech gave some hints, but can you explain what a Blue Book is? |
| Nana: In Danish, we say Blå Bog and it is kind of like a yearbook, that students in their final year of senior high school make. |
| John: What kind of things are in a Blue Book? |
| Nana: It’s not as formal as graduation books in other countries. You probably won’t see any neatly lined up profile photos. |
| John: Oh, you always see things like that in American yearbooks. |
| Nana: Yes, but not in Denmark. There will be pictures and funny descriptions of classmates. It’s all very informal, like a slam book really. |
| John: How about the other school years? Do they have any official school memorabilia? |
| Nana: Not besides school photos. The class photos are the best. |
| John: Why is that? |
| Nana: In senior high school, it’s common to dress up or do fun poses for the school photo. |
| John: It all sounds very relaxed! Okay, now onto the vocab. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| John: Let’s take a look at the vocabulary from this lesson. The first word is... |
| Nana: elevrådsrepræsentant [natural native speed] |
| John: student council representative |
| Nana: elevrådsrepræsentant [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Nana: elevrådsrepræsentant [natural native speed] |
| John: Next we have.. |
| Nana: ansvar [natural native speed] |
| John: responsibility |
| Nana: ansvar [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Nana: ansvar [natural native speed] |
| John: Next we have.. |
| Nana: sørge for [natural native speed] |
| John: to take care of, to look after, to see to, to make sure |
| Nana: sørge for [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Nana: sørge for [natural native speed] |
| John: Next we have.. |
| Nana: i forhold til [natural native speed] |
| John: compared to, relative to, with respect to, in relation to |
| Nana: i forhold til [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Nana: i forhold til [natural native speed] |
| John: Next we have.. |
| Nana: uafgjort [natural native speed] |
| John: draw, tie, unsettled, undecided |
| Nana: uafgjort [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Nana: uafgjort [natural native speed] |
| John: Next we have.. |
| Nana: retfærdig [natural native speed] |
| John: fair |
| Nana: retfærdig [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Nana: retfærdig [natural native speed] |
| John: Next we have.. |
| Nana: end [natural native speed] |
| John: than |
| Nana: end [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Nana: end [natural native speed] |
| John: Next we have.. |
| Nana: fylde [natural native speed] |
| John: to fill, to turn, to be |
| Nana: fylde [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Nana: fylde [natural native speed] |
| John: And last.. |
| Nana: hage [natural native speed] |
| John: chin, catch |
| Nana: hage [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Nana: hage [natural native speed] |
| KEY VOCAB AND PHRASES |
| John: Let's have a closer look at the usage of some of the words and phrases from this lesson. The first phrase is... |
| Nana: mere end |
| John: Meaning "more than". What can you tell us about this? |
| Nana: First there’s the comparative adjective mere, which means "more," and then the conjunction end, which means "than." |
| John: How do you use it? |
| Nana: It’s used when talking about comparisons. |
| John: Oh, for sentences like “The book costs more than the movie”? |
| Nana: Yes, which is Bogen koster mere end filmen, by the way. |
| John: Can you give us another example using this phrase? |
| Nana: Sure. For example, you can say... Det betyder mere, end du tror. |
| John: ...which means "It means more than you think." Okay, what's the next phrase? |
| Nana: fylde to sider |
| John: Meaning "to take up two pages". What can you tell us about this? |
| Nana: First there’s the regular verb fylde, which most often means "to fill," then the numeral to, which means "two," and finally the common gender noun side in plural form, which means "pages." |
| John: So this literally means that something, like a photo, takes up two pages? |
| Nana: Yes. You can change the number quite easily, and it can describe multiple other things. |
| John: How do you say “The assignment must be 10 pages”? |
| Nana: Opgaven skal fylde 10 sider. |
| John: Can you give us an example using the original phrase? |
| Nana: For example, you can say... Talen må højst fylde to sider. |
| John: ... which means "The speech may take up two pages at the most." Okay, what's the next phrase? |
| Nana: lille hage |
| John: Meaning "small catch". What can you tell us about this? |
| Nana: There is the adjective lille which means "small", and the common gender noun hage which means "chin." |
| John: So… “Little… chin?” |
| Nana: Ha ha, literally yes, but we use it figuratively to talk about a surprising obstacle or unpleasant circumstance. |
| John: Right, I was getting worried there. Can you give us an example using this phrase? |
| Nana: Sure. For example, you can say... Har leverandøren fortalt dig om den lille hage? |
| John: ... which means "Has the supplier told you about the small catch?" Okay, now onto the lesson focus. |
Lesson focus |
|---|
| John: In this lesson, you'll learn how to argue pros and cons. |
| John: So Nana, how do we do this in Danish? |
| Nana: I would like to introduce the conjunction hvis, because it will come in handy while talking about pros and cons. |
| John: Alright! Firstly, let’s just quickly recap that a conjunction is a word that links two clauses. The most common English conjunctions are “and”, “because”, “so,” and “if”. |
| Nana: And hvis means “if”. |
| John: So it’s used in conditional sentences. “A will happen, if B happens.” |
| Nana: That’s right. You will often see it with modal verbs. |
| John: How do we make these sentences? |
| Nana: When hvis introduces a subordinate clause, the subject follows directly after the conjunction, then there is the verb. |
| John: What if the subordinate clause is first? |
| Nana: Then you must invert the word order in the latter sentence. In other words, the verb comes first and then the subject. This is also the case when the subordinate clause containing hvis makes up a question with the main clause. |
| John: Let’s look at how to make a sentence. Let’s start with a positive sentence. As in, A will…, if B will... |
| Nana: Right. You need a subject, followed by a verb, followed by hvis, then a subject, and finally a verb. |
| John: How about with the clause order switched around? |
| Nana: Hvis, followed by a subject, followed by a verb, followed by the other verb, and then a subject. |
| John: Listeners, these examples, plus more, are in the lesson notes. |
| Nana: So check them out! It’ll make things more clear. |
| John: Let’s finish this lesson with some examples. |
| Nana: Forældrene vil bidrage, hvis det bliver nødvendigt. |
| John: “The parents will contribute, if it becomes necessary.” |
| Nana: Hvis alt går galt, starter vi forfra. |
| John: “If everything goes wrong, we will start over.” |
| Nana: Er det bedre, hvis vi ikke udvider? |
| John: “Is it better, if we do not extend?” |
Outro |
| John: Okay, that’s all for this lesson. Thank you for listening, everyone, and we’ll see you next time! Bye! |
| Nana: Hej hej |
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